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 Proto-Turkic Altaic etymology Meaning Russian meaning Old Turkic Karakhanid Turkish Tatar Middle Turkic Uzbek Uighur Sary-Yughur Azerbaidzhan Turkmen Khakassian Shor Oyrat Halaj Chuvash Yakut Dolgan Tuva Tofalar Kirghiz Kazakh Noghai Bashkir Balkar Gagauz Karaim Karakalpak Salar Kumyk Comments
face="Times New Roman Star"*Ko:r/-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 to be irritated, agitated 2 to move; irritateface="Times New Roman Star"1 быть возбужденным 2 двигать; возбуждать


face="Times New Roman Star"quzg|a- (dial.) 2face="Times New Roman Star"qozg|a- (Pav. C., Abush., Бор. Бад.) 2face="Times New Roman Star"qo.zi- 1, qo|zg|a- 2face="Times New Roman Star"qozg|a- 2

face="Times New Roman Star"Go:zg|a- 2

face="Times New Roman Star"qosqo- 2





face="Times New Roman Star"qozu- 1, qozg|o- 2face="Times New Roman Star"qoz- 1, qozg|a- 2face="Times New Roman Star"qoz- 1, qozg|a- 2face="Times New Roman Star"qud|y- 1 (dial.)face="Times New Roman Star"qoz- 1, qozg|a- 2
face="Times New Roman Star"qozg|a- 2face="Times New Roman Star"qoz- 1, qozg|a- 2
face="Times New Roman Star"qozg|a-, xozg|a- 2face="Times New Roman Star"ОСНЯ 3, 132-133. The roots *Ko:r/- 'to be hungry' and *Ko:r/- 'to be agitated' are usually considered to be a single root and are very hard to distinguish within Turkic.
face="Times New Roman Star"*obaface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"cavity, valleyface="Times New Roman Star"впадина, долина

face="Times New Roman Star"ova

face="Times New Roman Star"uwaface="Times New Roman Star"ova
face="Times New Roman Star"ova







face="Times New Roman Star"howu





face="Times New Roman Star"uva



face="Times New Roman Star"ЭСТЯ 1, 403.
face="Times New Roman Star"*Adaface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 danger 2 to endangerface="Times New Roman Star"1 опасность 2 подвергать опасностиface="Times New Roman Star"ada (tuda) 1, adart- 2 (Orkh., OUygh.)









face="Times New Roman Star"aza 'name of an evil spirit' (Верб.)


face="Times New Roman Star"atag|asta:- 'to insult'
face="Times New Roman Star"adam 'dashing, extraordinary'










face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 40, 68.
face="Times New Roman Star"*Kajyra-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 to whet, sharpen 2 to rub teethface="Times New Roman Star"1 точить, заострять 2 тереть зубами

face="Times New Roman Star"kajra- (dial.)face="Times New Roman Star"qajra- 2
face="Times New Roman Star"qajra- 2face="Times New Roman Star"qe|jre|- 2

face="Times New Roman Star"Gajra- 1face="Times New Roman Star"xajyra- 1
face="Times New Roman Star"qaira- 2
face="Times New Roman Star"xъjra- 2 (Anatri)



face="Times New Roman Star"qajra- 2face="Times New Roman Star"qajra- 2face="Times New Roman Star"qajra- 2face="Times New Roman Star"qajra- 2


face="Times New Roman Star"qajra- 2

face="Times New Roman Star"ЭСТЯ 5, 205. The Turk. derivative *kajyrak 'whetstone' > Mong. qajirag|, see TMN 3, 568-569. Cf. also Kaz., Tat. qajau 'notch', Tur. qajag|an 'whetstone' (R 2, 90) and Yak. xajgya, xojguo 'notch'; Yak. xaja, Dolg. kaja '(to tear) apart', Yak. xajyt- 'to break, tear apart', Dolg. kajyt- id., kajyn- (itr.) (see Stachowski 133, 134, 135).
face="Times New Roman Star"*Kotar-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 to tear out, uproot 2 to break 3 to moveface="Times New Roman Star"1 выдирать (с корнем) 2 ломать 3 сдвигать, перемещать


face="Times New Roman Star"qutar- (dial.) 3





face="Times New Roman Star"xodyr- 1, 2
face="Times New Roman Star"qodor- 1





face="Times New Roman Star"qotor- 3

face="Times New Roman Star"qutar- 2





face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 284, ЭСТЯ 6, 85-86.
face="Times New Roman Star"*KAt (?)face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"a fabulous animal, unicornface="Times New Roman Star"сказочное животное, единорогface="Times New Roman Star"qat (OUygh.: Chin.-Uygh. Dict.)


face="Times New Roman Star"(Xwar.) qat (Oghuz-nama)























face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 241, TMN 4, 393, EDT 593. Somewhat dubious: the word may represent a rendering of Sanskr. khad.ga 'rhinoceros' (through Tokharian?); cf. OUygh. ktki 'id.'.
face="Times New Roman Star"*go":p-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 a wooden hammer for processing boot seams 2 to hit, poundface="Times New Roman Star"1 деревянный молоточек для обивки обувных швов 2 бить, колотить








face="Times New Roman Star"go":be 1face="Times New Roman Star"ku"p-le-t- 'to knock'


face="Times New Roman Star"ku"pke- 2face="Times New Roman Star"ku"bu"rge:- 'to hit ice with a pounder'


face="Times New Roman Star"ku"bu"- 'to shake, shake off'





face="Times New Roman Star"ku"pilde- 'to lumber, rumble'

face="Times New Roman Star"Modern expressive formations, but the root seems to be archaic.
face="Times New Roman Star"*ku"meface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"dug-out, hutface="Times New Roman Star"землянка, хижина

face="Times New Roman Star"ku"mu"ldu", dial. ku"me





face="Times New Roman Star"ku"me


















face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 308. An exclusively Oghuz word; traditionally derived from Pers. kuma 'stack, hut' (see Лексика 499), but a reverse direction of borrowing cannot be excluded. Cf. perhaps Karakh. (MK) ku"mi 'name of a town on the Uyghur border' (?).
face="Times New Roman Star"*Kodan **AD но чув нет
face="Times New Roman Star"hareface="Times New Roman Star"заяц


face="Times New Roman Star"kujanface="Times New Roman Star"qojan (Abush., Pav. C.)face="Times New Roman Star"qujo|nface="Times New Roman Star"qojan

face="Times New Roman Star"Gojan (dial.)face="Times New Roman Star"xozan
face="Times New Roman Star"kojon
face="Times New Roman Star"(kujan dial. < Tat.) xor/an, xoren (dial.) **AD нет в Ашм. и стандартных словарях; откуда? И Левитская в словаре не нашла.face="Times New Roman Star"xotonox
face="Times New Roman Star"kodan (kojg|un from some j-language?)face="Times New Roman Star"xodanface="Times New Roman Star"kojonface="Times New Roman Star"qojanface="Times New Roman Star"qojanface="Times New Roman Star"qujanface="Times New Roman Star"qojan
face="Times New Roman Star"qojanface="Times New Roman Star"qojan
face="Times New Roman Star"qojanface="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 274-275, Лексика 164, ЭСТЯ VI 29-30. Предполагается чув *xoran > марийск. *oren в составе moren 'заяц' Егоров 122 - скорее маразм.
face="Times New Roman Star"*Tokumface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"wheel hoopface="Times New Roman Star"обод колеса


face="Times New Roman Star"tug|ym (dial. d-)
face="Times New Roman Star"to.g|in







face="Times New Roman Star"togъn




face="Times New Roman Star"tog|yn 1face="Times New Roman Star"tog|yn 1face="Times New Roman Star"tug|yn, dial. dug|ynface="Times New Roman Star"tox|un 1

face="Times New Roman Star"tog|yn 1

face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 483, 485, ЭСТЯ 8, Егоров 2256, Федотов 2, 242.
face="Times New Roman Star"*Kor(t)-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 burbot 2 pike 3 huso, belugaface="Times New Roman Star"1 налим 2 щука 3 белуга


face="Times New Roman Star"(КСТТ) qurty 1, qurtan 2





face="Times New Roman Star"xorty 1 (Sag.)face="Times New Roman Star"qortu 1face="Times New Roman Star"qortu 1
face="Times New Roman Star"? kъrtъs?, kъrъs? 'ruff' ( = Mari kyrys?, k@rkke 'trout')




face="Times New Roman Star"qortpa 3face="Times New Roman Star"qortpa 3






face="Times New Roman Star"Федотов 1, 260. For Chuv. kъrtъs? cf. also Tat. qyrtys? (the direction of borrowing is unclear).
face="Times New Roman Star"*o"j (?)face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"time, ageface="Times New Roman Star"время, возраст














face="Times New Roman Star"o"ju":n (dial.)
face="Times New Roman Star"o"j










face="Times New Roman Star"ОСНЯ 1, 242. The form is poorly attested and rather dubious (the Tuva form may be < Oyr. o"j < PT *o"d q. v. sub *odi).
face="Times New Roman Star"*Koga ( ? -k-)face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"a k. of reedface="Times New Roman Star"вид тростника

face="Times New Roman Star"kova, kog|a (dial.)face="Times New Roman Star"qug|a
face="Times New Roman Star"qo.g|a





face="Times New Roman Star"qog|o






face="Times New Roman Star"qog|aface="Times New Roman Star"qog|aface="Times New Roman Star"qug|a (dial.)

face="Times New Roman Star"qog|aface="Times New Roman Star"qog|a
face="Times New Roman Star"qog|aface="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 275, ЭСТЯ 6, 10-11.
face="Times New Roman Star"*c?arface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 whetstone 2 sickle 3 to whetface="Times New Roman Star"1 точильный камень 2 серп 3 точить


face="Times New Roman Star"c?ar 1, 'mill stone', c?ar-la- 3face="Times New Roman Star"c?ar-la- 3 (Pav. C.)





face="Times New Roman Star"s?ar 1face="Times New Roman Star"c?ar 1
face="Times New Roman Star"s/orla 2face="Times New Roman Star"sardag|a, sarda:na 'short heavy arrow with a broad head' (Пек.)



face="Times New Roman Star"s?ar 1face="Times New Roman Star"s?ar 1face="Times New Roman Star"sar 1


face="Times New Roman Star"s?ar 1face="Times New Roman Star"c?a:r- 'to cut, stick in' (ССЯ: Udzh.)face="Times New Roman Star"c?ar 1, 'spool'face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 99-100, Егоров 221, Федотов 2, 143 (borrowing < FU *s/orva 'horn' is hardly credible). Bulg. > Hung. sarlo/ 'sickle', see Gombocz 1912, MNyTESz 3, 494-495. The root is certainly genuine, although some influence of the Iranian c?aryk, c?arx 'wheel' could have existed.
face="Times New Roman Star"*bAnuface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"wild catface="Times New Roman Star"дикая кошкаface="Times New Roman Star"manu (OUygh.)

face="Times New Roman Star"manul












face="Times New Roman Star"many










face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 767. Turk. > Kalm. manl, Dag. manu: (Тод. Даг. 153) (probably contaminated with Mong. proper malur < *malul q. v. sub *ma/l/e). Uygh. molun 'wild cat' may be a mongolism.
face="Times New Roman Star"*utyr/face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"otterface="Times New Roman Star"выдра













face="Times New Roman Star"ъw|dъw|rface="Times New Roman Star"ytyy












face="Times New Roman Star"Мудрак Дисс. 145. See under *Ka.ma a discussion of other possible traces of this root.
face="Times New Roman Star"*ergeface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 part of the yurt close to the door 2 threshhold 3 stairsface="Times New Roman Star"1 часть юрты рядом с дверью 2 порог 3 лестница



face="Times New Roman Star"irgene 'smth. belonging to the tent' (Sangl.)




face="Times New Roman Star"irk@n 2
face="Times New Roman Star"irge 2
face="Times New Roman Star"argъ `lap'face="Times New Roman Star"ergene, ergine 3


face="Times New Roman Star"ergilc?ek 1face="Times New Roman Star"erge, irge 1







face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 47, Федотов 1, 56-57.
face="Times New Roman Star"*to:j-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"to singface="Times New Roman Star"петь

face="Times New Roman Star"tujuq (Osm.)
face="Times New Roman Star"tujuq 'a verse metre'
face="Times New Roman Star"tujuq 'rhymed verse'







face="Times New Roman Star"tuoj- 'to sing, chant', tojuk 'improvised song'












face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 568.
face="Times New Roman Star"*en|ir-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 to spin 2 to surroundface="Times New Roman Star"1 крутить 2 окружатьface="Times New Roman Star"en|ir- (OUygh.) 1


face="Times New Roman Star"en|ir- (Буд.) 2











face="Times New Roman Star"e:r- 1










face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 113, VEWT 37.
face="Times New Roman Star"*A>burtface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 cheek-pouch, inside of the mouth 2 gum 3 mouthful, gulp 4 cheek 5 molar 6 to take a mouthful, swallowface="Times New Roman Star"1 внутренняя полость рта 2 десна 3 глоток 4 щека 5 коренной зуб 6 глотатьface="Times New Roman Star"a[vurt] (?adurt) (OUygh., late med. texts TT II)
face="Times New Roman Star"avurt 1face="Times New Roman Star"urt 2face="Times New Roman Star"awurt (Sangl.) 3, (MKypch.) og|urt, owurt 1, 3 (Houts., Ettuhf.)face="Times New Roman Star"urt (dial.) 1


face="Times New Roman Star"howurt (dial.) 1, 3face="Times New Roman Star"o:rt-a- 6face="Times New Roman Star"o:rt-a- 6face="Times New Roman Star"u:rt 'throat', u:rt-a- 6
face="Times New Roman Star"urъlъ, dial. vъw|rlъw| 5 (Ашм. V 320)face="Times New Roman Star"omurt 1, 3
face="Times New Roman Star"a:rt-a- 6
face="Times New Roman Star"u:rtface="Times New Roman Star"urt 1face="Times New Roman Star"uwyrt 1face="Times New Roman Star"urt 1face="Times New Roman Star"uwurt 4face="Times New Roman Star"aurt 1, 4
face="Times New Roman Star"urt 1
face="Times New Roman Star"uvurt 1, 4face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 65, ЭСТЯ 1, 407-409, Лексика 225-226, Мудрак 115. The Old Uyghur form is poorly readable, so -d|- is dubious. Yak. -m- is irregular: could it be a trace of PA *umV 'drink', otherwise lost in Turkic?
,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,
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